No One Is Uploading From My Seed
In computing, and specifically peer-to-peer file sharing, seeding is the uploading of already downloaded content for others to download from. A peer, a calculator that is connected to the network, becomes a seed when having acquired the entire set of data, information technology begins to offer its upload bandwidth to other peers attempting to download the file. This data consists of small parts so that seeds can effectively share their content with other peers, handing out the missing pieces. A peer deliberately chooses to become a seed past leaving the upload task active in one case the content has downloaded. The motivation to seed is mainly to continue the file existence shared in circulation (as there is no central hub to keep uploading in the absenteeism of peer seeders) and a desire to not act as a parasite. The reverse of a seed is a leech, a peer that downloads more than than they upload.
This shows in a simplified mode when one seeds.
Groundwork [edit]
Seeding is a practice inside peer-to-peer file sharing, a content distribution model that connects computers with the apply of a peer-to-peer (P2P) software program in order to share desired content. An case of such a peer-to-peer software program is BitTorrent. Peer-to-peer file sharing is different from the customer–server model, where content is directly distributed from its server to a customer. To make peer-to-peer file sharing function effectively, content is divided into parts of 256 kilobytes (KB). This segmented downloading makes the parts that peers are missing be transferred by seeds. It also makes downloads go faster, as content can exist exchanged between peers. All peers (including seeds) sharing the aforementioned content are called a swarm.[1]
Data shared via peer-to-peer file sharing contains shared file content, computing cycles and disk storage, among other resources.[2]
Motivations [edit]
In peer-to-peer file sharing, the strength of a swarm depends on user behaviour, as peers ideally upload more than they download. This is done by seeding, and there are different motivations to do this. At that place are two popular motivations to seed, of which one is the reputation-based incentive machinery and the other is the tit for tat mechanism. As the proper noun reveals, the one-time is based on the reputation of a peer, meaning that those peers who have a good reputation will go a ameliorate treatment from the uploader.[2] The tit for tat machinery prevents peers from downloading content if they do not upload to the peers they download from. The latter forces a peer to upload.[3]
Although seeding is but a social norm, some scholars see the exercise of uploading parts of the data majority to others as a duty, claiming that "downloaders are forced to advantage uploaders in gild to compensate for their resources consumption and encourage further altruistic behaviour."[2] Other scholars are milder and believe that a group of highly motivated seeders could already provide a notion of fairness by scheduling when to seed, uploading more effectively.[1]
Threats [edit]
Leechers, peers that download more than they upload, are a threat to peer-to-peer file sharing and the practice of seeding. Where the goal of seeding is to upload more than to download, thus contributing to the sharing of content, leechers end uploading as soon as their download is finished. What this ways is that seeders must upload more parts of the information bulk in order to guarantee a successful download for others in the swarm. Leeching is a form of "free riding" and is associated with the free rider problem, temporal downloading users that, by not seeding, do non support the distribution of content.
Although leeching is a threat to peer-to-peer sharing and an reverse of seeding, it is not regarded as an immediate problem. With downloads rising, upload is even so guaranteed, though few contributors in the arrangement account for nigh of the services.[4]
Opportunities [edit]
Inquiry sees opportunities for seeding as a practice that caters contribution within peer-to-peer file sharing and the distribution of content in the digital world in full general. A term for this is an economical traffic direction (ETM), which is concerned with traffic management solutions to involve all peers, both seeder and leecher. It is ETM's goal to unite peers that have unlike objectives and to make the sharing of content with peer-to-peer file sharing more efficient. Locality sensation is raised as the most promising concepts by scholars. This entails stimulating peers to seed downloads in their neighbourhood, which speeds upwardly the upload speed and saves inter-domain traffic over the Internet.[5] Other opportunities that have arisen out of inquiry are to schedule seeding[i] and utilize models that reduce the ability consumption of seeding computers.[6]
Legal issues [edit]
Peer-to-peer file sharing is legal, however, the platform may exist also used to share illegal and pirated content. With the sharing being washed betwixt peers all over the earth, there is no supervision. Control over illegal or manipulated content is therefore difficult. Seeding is a office of this and a peer can therefore be involved in helping other peers download illegal content.[7]
One of the largest contenders against peer-to-peer or sharing in full general is the Motion Picture Association of America that has led a many lawsuits against peer-to-peer sharing websites. Notable examples include the Megaupload legal case and Torrent websites similar The Pirate Bay (come across The Pirate Bay trial and The Pirate Bay raid).
Run into also [edit]
- BitTorrent
- BitTorrent tracker
- Decentralized computing
- Distributed Data Management Architecture
- Friend-to-friend
- List of P2P protocols
- Semantic P2P networks
- Sharing economic system
References [edit]
- ^ a b c Bera, D., Esposito, F., Matta, I., Michiardi, P. (2011). On The Impact Of Seed Scheduling In Peer-To-Peer Networks. Computer Science Department, Boston Academy
- ^ a b c As-Sayid-Ahmad, L., Hawa, 1000., Khalif, 50. (2012). On Enhancing Reputation Management Using Peer-To-Peer Interaction History. Springer Science and Business concern Media
- ^ Hajek, B., Zhu, Ji. (2011). The Missing Piece Syndrome In Peer-To-Peer Communication. Department of Electrical And Computer Technology
- ^ Yang, S., Jin, H., Liao, X., Yao, H., Huang, Q., Tu, Ten. (2009). Measuring Spider web Characteristic Impacts In Peer-To-Peer File Sharing Systems. Hushing University of Science and Engineering science
- ^ Despotovic, Z., Hossfeld, T., Kellerer, W., Lehrieder, F., Oechsner, S., Michel, M. (2011). Mitigating Unfairness In Locality-Aware Peer-To-Peer Networks. International Journal of Network Management
- ^ Hlavacs, H., Wiedlich, R., Treutner, T. (2011). Free energy efficient peer-to-peer file sharing. Springer Scientific discipline and Business concern Media
- ^ Halldorson, U., Hasslinger, G., Sigurdsson, Yard. (2007). Potentials And Challenges Of Peer-To-Peer Based Content Distribution. Telematics And Informatics 24
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeding_(computing)
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